Tables from 2 to 20: Times & Multiplication Tables

Multiplication Tables From 2 To 20

The tables from 2 to 20 are the products of each number from 2 to 20 multiplied by $1, 2, 3$, and so on. They are the foundation of arithmetic, and the grid below is one object you read two ways: pick a row, run across to a column, and the crossing cell is the product.

Here is the master grid to the tenth multiple. Each individual table page linked below carries the same rows extended to $\times 20$.

Each row has its own full walkthrough - chart to $\times 20$, patterns, and common mistakes:

• Core tables: 2 times table, 3 times table, 4 times table, 5 times table, 6 times table, 7 times table, 8 times table, 9 times table.

• Teen and twenty tables: table of 11, 12 times table, 13 times table, 14 times table, 15 times table, 16 times table, 17 times table, 18 times table, table of 19, 20 times table.

How Do You Read These Tables?

Reading a row is the whole skill. Take the row for 8 and the column for 7: they cross at 56, so $8 \times 7 = 56$. The first number is the size of each group, the second is how many groups you have, and the crossing cell is the total.

The grid is symmetric, meaning $a \times b$ equals $b \times a$, so row 8, column 7 gives the same 56 as row 7, column 8. That mirror runs along the diagonal of square numbers (4, 9, 16, 25), and it halves the work — learn the upper triangle and the lower comes free.

How To Learn The Tables From 2 To 20 (Patterns, Not Memorizing)

Bhanzu teaches the few patterns that generate a table rather than drilling hundreds of separate facts into recall. Once you see how each row is built, you can reason out any product you forget instead of hunting for it. That structural number sense is exactly what algebra later leans on.

The whole grid rests on a small set of ideas, and the anchor columns do most of the work.

• The easy anchors carry the rest. The 2s double, the 5s end in 0 or 5, the 10s append a zero, and the 20s double-and-append-a-zero. Lean on these to triangulate any nearby product.

• Doubling chains link related tables. Because $4 = 2 \times 2$, $8 = 2 \times 4$, and $16 = 2 \times 8$, the 4s, 8s, and 16s are each the previous one doubled; the same chain ties the 3s, 6s, and 12s, and the 9s and 18s.

• The 9s carry a digit-sum pattern: every product's digits add to 9 (18, 27, 36, 45), a quick self-check as you go.

• Place value rebuilds every teen and twenty table. Any number is its tens part plus its units part, so $(10 + k) \times n = 10n + kn$. For $17 \times 8$: $(10 \times 8) + (7 \times 8) = 80 + 56 = 136$ - the distributive idea you meet again in algebra.

• The 11s repeat a digit up to $\times 9$ (11, 22, 33), and the 20s are the 2 times table with a zero appended, since $20 = 2 \times 10$.

What Do The Tables Look Like In Words?

Every row of the grid can be spoken as a sentence, which is how most young learners first lock a table in. The 7 row reads "one times 7 is 7, two times 7 is 14, three times 7 is 21," on to "ten times 7 is 70."

The same spoken shape works for every row from 2 to 20 - only the number spoken changes. Pick the table you find hardest, read its row aloud a few times, then test yourself against the grid.

Why Should You Learn The Tables From 2 To 20?

Tables from 2 to 20 are the foundation of arithmetic. Long division, fractions, percentages, and ratios all sit on top of fluent multiplication, so automatic recall removes the small pauses that otherwise interrupt every larger calculation.

Stretching from the school-standard 12 up to 20 builds genuine fluency, and it does not mean memorising more facts - it means learning the patterns above that generate the higher rows. A student who rebuilds $18 \times 7$ from $9 \times 7$ doubled carries a reusable method rather than a fragile fact.

Where Do These Tables Appear?

Strong recall across 2 to 20 quietly powers most everyday arithmetic: splitting a bill, scaling a recipe, comparing unit prices, or reading a timetable is a multiplication or division that runs faster when the facts are automatic. The higher rows have their own corners too - 12 in a dozen and the months, 15 in quarter-hours, and 20 in scores and money. For pattern-based shortcuts across all of them, the Bhanzu guide to mental math tricks is a useful companion.

Solved Examples

Example 1

What is $16 \times 7$ using the tables from 2 to 20?

The 16s are the 8s doubled: $8 \times 7 = 56$, doubled is $112$.

Final answer: $16 \times 7 = 112$.

Example 2 (Wrong path first)

A crate packs 18 bottles. How many bottles in 6 crates?

Wrong attempt. The rusher reads $18 \times 6$ as $8 \times 6 = 48$ and writes that down.

Why it breaks. Six crates of eighteen bottles must hold far more than 48; dropping the ten from 18 threw away most of the count.

Correct. Split 18 into $10 + 8$: $(10 \times 6) + (8 \times 6) = 60 + 48 = 108$.

Final answer: 108 bottles.

Example 3

Find $13 \times 12$.

Split 12 into $10 + 2$: $13 \times 10 = 130$ and $13 \times 2 = 26$.

$130 + 26 = 156$.

Final answer: $13 \times 12 = 156$.

Example 4

Fill in the blank: $15 \times {?} = 180$.

Divide to find the missing factor: $180 \div 15 = 12$.

Final answer: $15 \times 12 = 180$.

Example 5

What is $19 \times 19$?

Use $19 = 20 - 1$, so $19 \times 19 = (20 \times 19) - 19 = 380 - 19$.

$380 - 19 = 361$.

Final answer: $19 \times 19 = 361$.

Practice Questions

1. $6 \times 9 = {?}$

2. $12 \times 8 = {?}$

3. $17 \times 5 = {?}$

4. A box holds 20 crayons. How many crayons in 7 boxes?

5. $14 \times 9 = {?}$

6. Which is larger, $16 \times 6$ or $11 \times 9$?

7. Fill in the blank: $18 \times {?} = 144$.

8. $20 \times 20 = {?}$

Answers: 1. 54 2. 96 3. 85 4. 140 5. 126 6. $11 \times 9 = 99$ is larger than $16 \times 6 = 96$ 7. 8 8. 400.

Conclusion

• Tables from 2 to 20 sit in one symmetric master grid, so each fact is learned once, not twice.

• The anchors (2s, 5s, 10s, 20s) and the doubling chains rebuild most of the grid; the teens split into tens and units.

• Every individual table from 2 to 20 has its own detailed page linked above.

To take this further with a teacher, explore Bhanzu's mental maths for kids sessions or an elementary math tutor, and build calculation speed with speed math practice.

Read More

• Multiplication Tables - the master hub with every times table in one place.

• Tables from 1 to 20 - the same master-grid treatment including the table of 1.

• How to teach multiplication - a classroom-tested guide for parents building this fluency.

• Math is Fun — Multiplication Tables - printable charts and an interactive grid.